![]() The public perception has long been that outlandish drug use or a terrible mental-health crisis must have justified her captivity. But the underlying mysteries of her long legal saga remain vexing, both to the reader and to Spears herself. An umbrella.”) She revisits the circumstances that led to the conservatorship, including the famous incident when she, in the midst of a custody dispute, locked herself with her younger son in a bathroom. “I knew the truth of our relationship was nothing like how it was being portrayed, but I still imagined that if I was suffering, I must have deserved it.”Īs Spears matured, a cycle of scrutiny and rebellion accelerated, though the rebellions-such as Spears having kids with a “bad boy,” the backup dancer Kevin Federline, and attacking a paparazzo’s car with an umbrella-come off as tame in the book’s telling. “As a child, I’d always had a guilty conscience, a lot of shame, a sense that my family thought I was just plain bad,” she writes in a section about being vilified after her breakup with Timberlake. Her most intimate experiences were never her own she mattered too much, to too many people. The book’s description of him pressuring her into a secret abortion at home suggests that the affable, gentlemanly reputation he’s long enjoyed was hollow.īut looking back, Spears almost appears less bothered by Timberlake’s treatment of her than by the media’s obsession with their romance. His public expressions of lust were cheered while hers were condemned. In the book and in media coverage of late, Timberlake has been cast, almost too neatly, as an example of the gendered double standards of early-2000s pop culture. In early adolescence she was cast on The Mickey Mouse Club another Mouseketeer, Justin Timberlake, would become both her peer in teen stardom and her serious boyfriend from 1999 to 2002. ![]() Singing beckoned as an escape from her tense home life, but the stage provided no refuge from others’ judgment and control. June’s harshness, Spears feels, made her own father, Jamie, a cruel and demanding alcoholic. One of those wives killed herself on the grave of her infant child. “Tragedy runs in my family,” Spears writes, before describing her paternal grandfather, June, as an abusive man who committed two of his wives to mental hospitals. Describing her childhood in rural Louisiana, Spears’s declarative sentences have the ominousness of the Old Testament, and her themes are Southern Gothic. Readers expecting a breezy celebrity memoir will be shocked by the grim opening pages. People seem to want her to be a scapegoat for all manner of human failings, and, in fact, they seem to want to punish her. A reader may come away feeling that her struggle is older, more primal, than our cultural era. But she also writes with mystification about the scale of her story, the extraordinary drama and unfairness of it. She portrays herself-including with the title The Woman in Me-as battling the media expectation that she remain trapped in girlhood, virginal and helpless. But Spears’s new memoir makes clear that this shaming and second-guessing, using the language of care and concern, is deeply conventional. ![]() Usually such skeptics speak in a conspiratorial tone, indicating that they think of themselves as radical truth-tellers defying the pink-uniformed groupthink of the #FreeBritney movement. They cite alleged evidence of erratic behavior such as the recent video that the 41-year-old Spears posted of herself dancing sexily with prop knives. In barroom chitchat, meandering podcasts, and online comment sections, you can now find people claiming that freeing Britney-allowing her to, for example, choose how she spends her money or what she eats for dinner-was a mistake. As soon as the pop star was released from the legal guardianship of her father in November 2021, ending a 13-year ordeal that she has described as torture, some onlookers asked whether one of the most successful women on Earth could handle living as an adult. One of the most disturbing parts of Britney Spears’s story has long been the way people talk about her.
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![]() The Harmony Day is priced at £159 per person Monday to Friday, or for £184 per person Saturday to Sunday, and is available until 30 th September 2022.įor more information visit or call 01664 433000. It communicates the quality of your services and sets the tone for your brand. Tranquility and harmony spa is offering a new service. ![]() Experience a spa-like sensation and bask in. You can also choose to while away the hours in one of our eight relaxation rooms, or if the British summer weather permits spend time with nature in our beautiful countryside setting. Names are powerful, and a good Reiki business name is essential. Immerse yourself in a haven of tranquility as pastel hues of the most soothing shades blend in perfect harmony. You’ll also have full use of the UK’s Best Retreat Spa’s* facilities, including our Rooftop Infinity Pool, multi-million-pound Thermal Spa, Heart + Soul fitness facilities including gym and two exercise studios which offer up to twenty complementary classes per day. I really enjoyed my massage here and the staff seem to really know what they were doing. Price list for services, as appears on their loyalty card. On this restorative spa day, you will enjoy a 20-minute Aqua Massage Bed, healthy lunch, and a cocktail or mocktail of your choice in our Twilight Bar. Zen Flutes, Reiki & Massage - Music for Massage, Healing & New Age, Modern Tribe Music, Sounds of Nature, Spa Tranquility Spa Universe. Samsun Spa is very good at massages, and my satisfaction with them outweighs the minor negative details. Available daily until 30 th September 2022, the Harmony Day (9am – 6pm) allows you to experience all Ragdale Hall Spa’s extensive facilities plus enjoy a pampering treatment and a cocktail to round off a daily of total relaxation. This summer feel like you’re floating after a day immersing yourself in water on the brand-new limited-edition Harmony Day at Ragdale Hall Spa. Very hard to remove and leave sticky stuff behind. By 1990, 75,000 children had paid their 2.95 a year to join.13. She is older and this was not her kind of thing. Toys 'R' Us, features a cartoon giraffe called Geoffrey from Toys 'R' Us advertisements. 149 exclusive Toys'R'Us Reusable Bag Nordic Pastel Design Large. ET on Monday, November 29, so make sure to check back to see if you’re one of them No purchase. Do you believe giraffes can surf Well, this one can Geoffrey shows that you can do anything you set your mind to with some help from his friends on the Sku. ![]() Toys'R'Us Travel with Geoffrey Design Large Size. Geoffrey's Toy Extravaganza Sweepstakes is happening now Enter for your chance to win daily and weekly prizes, plus one AWESOME grand prize: the top 10 toys from Geoffrey’s Hot Toy List Winners will be announced on our Facebook page at 1 p.m. Funko Toys R Us Geoffrey Giraffe with Globe Exclusive Pop Vinyl. I thought it was adorable so bought it for my daughter who like giraffes. Play with our range of Geoffrey toys and thousands more in-store and online at ToysRUs Thailand’s Largest Range Of Toys Free delivery with 3,500 or above. Will never be buying from TRU online ever again.ĭamaged pop, horrible condition, was like that before being put into boxĪll 4 shipped in one singulr bag no protection. Luckily for most, I was able to replace, but now they won't replace even though the damage was clearly caused before being boxed. Check out an updated version of our iconic song and duet us using ToysRUsRemix to get in on the fun. CAUTION - Remove all twist-ties and plastic loops before giving toy to child Recommended age - 0 years and up Product dimensions - 7.5' L x 6.5' W x 9' H Product weight - 0.22 lbs. ![]() In total I've ordered 12 pops between the 3 orders, and 10 have been damaged. Join us as we dance, play with our favorite toys, share helpful tips for parents, and more with Geoffrey the giraffe We even feature some special guests showing off their love for ToysRUs, too. Toys 'R' Us officially went out of business in 2018, and while several comeback attempts since have failed to fully reignite the brand, the partnership with Macys has reportedly seen significant. Pick up the toys 'r' us Geoffrey birthday 2023 9' plush to let everyone know that no matter how old you get youll can always be a toys 'r' us kid. ![]() I've ordered 3 times now through TRU, and I've never seen such horrible condition pops. You can also select your game mode for performance or battery life, whether you want a richer gaming experience or longer play session. Everybody loves Synthesia but sadly, the software is only available on the PC. Android 12 lets you play as you download, so you can jump straight into gameplay without needing to wait for the full download to finish. Now, you can simply check and see if you have the MIDI driver installed on your PC. Spend less time waiting and more time playing. ![]() It will show you the hardware devices that are already installed on your PC. New users can install the app on your Android/ iOS phone & You can use the. This will launch the Windows Device Manager for you. To order our food items, download our app Mitti ki. To get started, press the Windows key + R to open the Run dialog box. Moreover, it also lets you check, install, update, or remove any driver from your computer. This means that they are able to play the piano on their computer simply. Device Manager will come in handy here.ĭevice Manager is a tool in Microsoft Windows that gives you a bird’s eye of all the hardware installed on your system. Virtual Piano is a free programme that provides users with a virtual MIDi keyboard. Use the Device Managerīefore jumping straight into installing new drivers, it's better to check and see if you've already had some installed. Here are few alternatives ways to install the MIDI driver that you can try out. If this doesn’t happen for some reason, don’t lose hope yet. This should be the case with your MIDI device, too. In most modern computers, drivers are installed automatically as soon as you plug in an external device. You guess the song based on the lyrics displayed or being played. Midifun is a multimedia application a collection of MIDIs with lyrics that you can sing-along to. Unlike other Karaoke apps, you already get hundreds of songs when you download and install Midifun. Contact us today to learn more about our comprehensive selection of pharmacy products and how we can support your ongoing medical care.How to Install MIDI Drivers on Windows 10? Download: Merge Wizard : Fire Wizard Mitti APK (Game) - ProjectMergeWizard APK - Latest Version: 1.17 - Updated: 2023 - . Midifun is your offline karaoke for Android. We are committed to ensuring that our patients have access to the highest quality pharmacy products available. Our knowledgeable pharmacists are available to help our patients find the right medical supplies for their needs and to answer any questions they may have about their use. That's why we offer a wide range of medical supplies, including wound care products, diabetic supplies, and more. Our knowledgeable pharmacists are available to help our patients find the right products for their needs and to answer any questions they may have about over-the-counter medication or supplements.Īt Second Medic, we understand that medical supplies can also play an important role in our patients' health and wellbeing. Our pharmacy is stocked with a comprehensive selection of products to meet the diverse needs of our patients, including vitamins, pain relievers, allergy medication, and more. In addition to prescription medication, we also offer a wide range of over-the-counter medication and supplements to support our patients' overall health and wellbeing. Best remote assessment company for organizational & employee talent mapping. We also offer prescription refill reminders and prescription delivery services to make it easier for our patients to manage their medication regimen. Online assessments with virtual talent assessment tools by Mercer Mettl. Our experienced pharmacists work closely with our patients' physicians to ensure that they receive the right medication at the right dosage, and they are available to answer any questions or concerns that our patients may have about their medication. Our prescription medication products are available to patients who have been prescribed medication by their physician. Each of our pharmacy products is carefully selected to meet the diverse needs of our patients, and we are dedicated to providing personalized and compassionate care to ensure that our patients receive the right medication at the right dosage. Download Machli Mitti Ch Terdi Mitti De Tibbe KaKa Kaka Punjabi free ringtone to your mobile phone in mp3 (Android) or m4r (iPhone). At Second Medic, we offer a wide range of high-quality pharmacy products to support our patients' health and wellbeing. ![]() There are almost as many ways to use email or a task manager as there are people using them. The perfect email client is the only thing more difficult to find than the perfect task manager. Actions allowing users to interact with attachments, save PDFs of message threads, and deep link to Mimestream or Gmail on the web would be a great start, along with actions corresponding to those in the app’s filtering system. I’d also like the app to adopt Shortcuts support, so it can be used more gracefully with other apps and workflows. Mimestream already supports exporting as PDF, which would make a great Shortcuts action.Īs useful as Mimestream’s filtering is, though, the system only works within the four corners of the app. That’s handy, but I’d prefer a deep link directly into Mimestream because the Gmail URL opens Gmail in my browser instead. I particularly appreciate the ability to copy the Gmail URL for messages, which I often drop into tasks in Things when I think a task will require referring back to a message I received. The heading of messages includes a star and reply button, along with a three-dot ‘More’ button with other options. Because Mimestream uses Google’s Gmail APIs, search is fast and reliable, in my experience. The message pane includes a customizable toolbar with options for the most common actions you can take on messages, plus a search field for searching your messages. Swipe left or right on an item in the message list, and it will reveal an action you’ve assigned in the app’s Settings. Mimestream supports customizable swipe gestures too. The middle column of Mimestream is the message list, which can be viewed in a compact or expanded format. Plus, I handle most of my email on the Mac anyway, so switching to Apple Mail on my iPhone or iPad isn’t as difficult for me as it might be for others.įilters allow me to do things like extract new betas from the sea of messages about existing betas. ![]() However, every rule has an exception, and Mimestream is one of those. That’s one of the reasons I prefer Logic Pro for iPad over Ferrite, for instance. As a rule, I don’t like using different apps on different platforms to do the same thing. The bigger deal is that Mimestream isn’t on iOS or iPadOS. As a result, I’ve continued to use Apple Mail for my iCloud email address, which isn’t a big deal because it’s not an account I use for many things anyway. However, because I handle most of my email on the Mac and most of what I’d like to see Mimestream incorporate is planned or under consideration for future updates, it’s become how I manage most of my email.Īs I mentioned at the outset, Mimestream is Gmail and Mac only. The app doesn’t have everything I want from an email client. What drew me back to Mimestream was the app’s native design, tight integration with Gmail, and open roadmap. I’ve been using Mimestream on and off for over a year, returning to it in late January after briefly trying Missive. All but my iCloud email are connected to Gmail, which makes me a pretty strong candidate for Mimestream, which launched this week after a couple years in beta. Two are work-related, and two are personal. If you spend a lot of time on other devices or have non-Gmail accounts, the call is tougher, but that’s exactly my situation, and I think Mimestream is still the best Mac email choice for most people. ![]() It offers the core Gmail experience wrapped in a thoughtfully designed native Mac app. ![]() If you primarily use Gmail and work on a Mac, you should try Mimestream now. I’m going to straight-up spoil this review for you at the top. ![]() As he dismisses the whole ontology of universals, Ockham constructs a new elaboration of the theme, centred on the field of mental language and significance. Abstract: This study is an attempt to comprehend Ockham’s solution to the problem of universals. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. Guilherme de Ockham e a des-con-struo dos universais. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. The fictional friar, William of Baskerville, alludes both to the fictional sleuth Sherlock Holmes and to William of Ockham.The name itself is derived from William of Ockham and Sir Arthur Conan Doyles book The Hound of the Baskervilles. Guilherme de Ockham advocated for the separation between faith and reason, asserting that philosophy should be autonomous and not subordinated to theology. (English) Copyright of Scintilla is the property of Revista Scintilla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. William Saraiva Borges (Doutorando em Filosofia pela Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel)Pgina de Filosofia Medieva. Therefore, the contribution helps to clarify the consistency of Venerabilis Inceptor's arguments about the topic of freedom of human will. William de Ockham (1280-1347), também conhecido como Guilherme, foi um filósofo franciscano da Universidade de Oxford. Lastly, the themes of finalism and hate towards God (odium Dei) are developed: they seem to be objections to the thesis, but in fact, they are not. Hence, it shows the consequences of freedom of will in ethics, and it indicates Ockham's moral order, both objective and subjective. Within his position takes place the reception of the anselmian argument, which is called the ratio Anselmi, in the wake of John Duns Scotus. Firstly, the article presents the way this thesis should be understood, that is, which connection exists between freedom and will. ![]() Abstract: The purpose of this work is to develop the Ockhamian thesis of the freedom of human will. If you're looking for an affordable upfront option with Pressure-treated lumber or committed to the look of real wood, wood might be the option for you. The new Trex Signature decking collection, however, is the first to compete against more expensive hardwoods in color and grain pattern. In particular, the more expensive hardwoods like redwood or bamboo provide a rustic, high-quality look and feel that most composite decking can't match. ![]() Adding water resistance/repairing water damageĪ key factor in many deck owners’ selections, wood has a more naturally authentic feel than many forms of composite decking.But for longer-term savings on your deck, wood simply does not reach the cost durability of composite decking. If money is no object and you’re committed to wood and the labor required to maintain it, a decent deck could last a decade or two. Maintaining a wood deck also requires a lot of physical labor over the years something that can take a toll on an aging body. This could balloon even further depending on the size of your deck and the natural threats of your local environment. Maintenance costs are the burden of wooden deck owners - annual estimated spending of $451 over 15 years, for example, would accumulate to $6,765. Maintenance costs: $451/year for pressure-treated lumber.Typical deck material costs: $1,271 - $2,880 for pressure-treated lumber.Per installation costs: $15-$30 per square foot for installation.That being said, long-term costs might balance things out. Wood is a fairly cheap material, especially compared to synthetic alternatives like composite decking. Certain softwoods need to be regularly treated with chemicals to waterproof them and repel bugs, which constitutes an additional ongoing cost depending on your material of choice. Insect and pest damage is a particularly problematic factor if your wood deck has experienced any water damage. Wood is more prone to these problems than composite because of its natural construction, leaving it prey to any of the following if not treated: Other lingering issues with wood are the environmental factors that contribute to wear and tear. Left untreated, the wood and the deck as a whole would crumble - but a well-cared-for deck could last 15 years and beyond. Wood decks typically require sanding, cleaning, staining, painting, and sealing every one to two years. From environmental factors like water and insect damage to higher material breakability, wood deck owners need to be more cautious and proactive than composite deck owners to maintain a pristine deck. Wood has some natural durability but requires far more maintenance than composite materials. ![]() Let’s see what makes wood a possible fit for your outdoor deck. ![]() The Case for Wood DeckingĪs scientifically advanced as some composite products are, wood purists can’t help but pine (no pun intended) for the classics. ![]() With minimal maintenance and cleaning required, consumers will use fewer resources and chemicals in their deck upkeep. Sustainability and Environmental ImpactĬomposite decking is the clear favorite for eco-conscious consumers - made from recycled materials, such as plastic film and reclaimed sawdust, this option guarantees a better carbon footprint for the buyer.Īlongside the material difference, composite decking is inherently more durable. This provides the benefit of a great look that lasts for years to come - but the trade-off is the inability to swap in a new color or stain in a few years if your tastes change. Wood can be stained and painted over time, whereas composite materials do not change. Though composite decking can compete with wood aesthetically, its physical makeup is decidedly different. Those seeking a pure wood deck may not find the advantages of composites to their liking. The difference between the two materials lies in authenticity, preference, and ongoing customization. In that spirit, composite decking offers greater diversity in design than wood decking, with more hues, tones, and patterns available. Great aesthetics usually come down to the quality of the material and the creativity of the construction and design. ![]() FOB in dash slot allows Start of engine.So a clue in detecting the fundamental reason for not properly function is: Your CAS module works, but your CA module appears to not detect the key. There is the CAS module (front left driver area) which controls normal lock/unlock via radio remote, then there is a CA module (right trunk near seatback) that detects the location of the CA key to provide Comfort Access functionality (no need to press buttons on FOB or insert key into dash slot). Notesīrand New in the Box - Fit and Quality Guaranteed! Quantity sold Set of 2 Replaces oe number 51218216126, 51218216120, 51218216125, 51218216119 Color/finish Textured Black Recommended use OE Replacement Interchange part number 51218216126, 51218216120, 51218216125, 51218216119 Prop 65 warning WARNING: This product can expose you to chemicals including Chromium, which is known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. One-Year Unlimited Mileage Warranty Every Replacement exterior door handle comes with a one-year unlimited mileage warranty for peace of mind. State-of-the-Art Manufacturing ProcessReplacement brand exterior door handles are manufactured using the same processes as the original, ensuring excellent fitment and a quality finish.Lean manufacturing process keeps costs down and quality high. Premium Construction and Finish Constructed with durable materials for long service life.Premium black finish matches your original exterior door handle. ![]() Made to Factory Specifications Made to factory specifications for a hassle-free installation, guaranteed.Designed as a direct replacement for your original exterior door handle.Helps restore your vehicle to like-new condition. Each Replacement exterior door handle is made to factory specifications to look and perform just like the original. Replacement exterior door handles are an affordable way to restore functionality to your vehicle’s door. Terms of Use | Warranty Coverage Policy Replacement Exterior Door HandleSET-REPB462325K slider_radiobox-label-prev-5 /***end of css slider***/ Exterior Door Handle For 1999-2000 BMW 328i Front Left and Right Side Sedan Description content_table-list tr td:nth-child(-n+2). content_table-list tr td } screen and (max-width: 340px) } screen and (max-width: 319px). content_table-list tr td } screen and (max-width: 360px). ![]() content_table-list tr td:nth-child(-n+2) } screen and (max-width: 480px) ul.header_list li. content_table-list tr #content_bottom table tr:nth-child(2n+1). logo_desc img ul.header_list ul.header_list li img #content_bottom #content_bottom. items_list-content:nth-child(2) h1 h2.heading } screen and (max-width: 580px). content_table-wrap div.content_table-list:nth-child(2) tr:nth-child(even) } screen and (max-width: 767px). content_table-wrap div.content_table-list:nth-child(2) tr:nth-child(odd). container_wrap #content_top #content_banner #content_right #content_bottom } screen and (max-width: 835px) } screen and (max-width: 795px). ![]() content_image img ul.header_list li:nth-child(1) } screen and (max-width: 1023px). content_banner-border_line } screen and (max-width: 1047px) #content_middle #content_middle. slider-full } screen and (max-width: 1124px). items_list-content ul li /*** MEDIA QUERIES ***/ screen and (max-width: 1279px). hide_column #content_bottom table #content_bottom table tr td:nth-child(1), #content_bottom table tr td:nth-child(3) #content_bottom table tr:nth-child(odd) #content_bottom table tr #content_bottom table tr td. content_wrap #content_top #content_bottom. cpw-content_center p p.desc_list p.desc_list a p.desc_list span ul.content_list li. cpw-container_slider-wrap /*** Bottom Content ***/ h1 h2.heading h2.heading span h2.heading span:nth-child(1) h2.heading span:nth-child(2) h3 h4 h5. link_desc #content_banner #content_right. content_banner-border_line ul.header_list ul.header_list li a.menu_list-link a.menu_list-link img a.desc_link a.desc_link:hover. See shipping cost, Ships to United States. ![]() Glory, Hallelujah!is an invaluable resource for those looking to play Black Powder games set in the American Civil War. That way our two umpires can cover a table each and we won’t be taking over the entire store for the weekend! Glory Hallelujah! Our compromise, no doubt much to the relief of the long-suffering Hall of Heroes staff, is that we are going to play Day Two of Gettysburg, on two 12-foot by 6-foot tables, splitting the battlefield lengthways into a northern and southern half. This too proved to be too complicated to plan and coordinate given the geographical spread of all our key players. Online discussion and polling then veered to instead play three to five games that would recreate specific moments from the historical battle three-day battle, with a number of smaller tables highlighting those areas of the battle rather than having a single huge table that represents the entire battlefield. My original vision had been of a singular long table for the event, as we had done for our previous 28mm game. It was quite an eye-opener!Ī gentlemanly handshake wrapped up the practice game.Īnother outcome from the practice game was confirmation that our final proposal for the format of the Battle of Gettysburg was appropriate. Our rehearsal game was based upon the Battle of Antietam (17 September 1862), and even though only a fraction of the group was able to attend (I didn’t expect people to travel interstate just for a practice game after all), enthusiasm has gone through the roof! For some folk, this was their first glimpse of the possibilities allowed by the Epic Battles scale in a massed project such as ours! Much of this discussion came to a head at this game, when for the first time two separate groups of players, from Wollongong and Campbelltown, first physically came together to a big game using these modified rules. Finally, we tinkered with how to amend distances and ranges that might better suit the Epic Battles scale. I initially also drafted up a set of shortcuts to the core Black Powder rules which I hoped might simplify matters and encourage players to play more strategically, at the cost of losing some focus on the fighting between individual units. The next biggest problem was getting our knowledge of the rules up to speed, which would influence our rate of play to a level where we could get a battle of this scale finished over a single weekend. Wargamers are just as prone to procrastination and ‘last minuteitus’ as anyone, especially when it comes to painting! But I think those players have been inspired to action by seeing what masses of completed figures looked like at our recent game! Practice and Preparation I needn’t have been so concerned collectively the group have really come to the party on this one – as of a few weeks ago between most of our 22 players we have commitments for the entire orders of battle – phew! To be honest, as you can see from the pictures, some of the models are just undercoated so far. ![]() ![]() Luckily Warlord do spare Command strips for just such a contingency! But even so, back then, after having drawn up a complete list of units from Gettysburg’s orders of battle (OOB) for both sides I was really worried about the amount of painting involved. We’ve taken a few shortcuts where possible by making our standard-sized units only three bases instead of the five bases you’d get on a sprue, for example. They may not all be painted, but that many figures on a table still looks fantastic.īy far our biggest issue was the enormous task of painting up around 500 plastic regiments. Let’s recap on what we saw as the main challenges back then, how we’ve addressed them and what progress we’ve made… So, now that we are three-quarters of the way through the project, and with a big dress rehearsal game under our collective belts, it seems as good a time as any to review how we are going and how the project has evolved over the last few months. To briefly summarise our goals we are intending to use Warlord’s Epic Battles: American Civil War plastic figures to represent every single Regiment or battery present on that fabled day! The game will be played out over 144 square feet of tabletop fully loaded with terrain! For a fuller account check out Part One! Ralph: Back in November 2022 we described our vision for us Aussie wargamers to put on an insanely large gaming weekend to celebrate the 160 th Anniversary of the iconic Battle of Gettysburg. This article was written by Ralph Hart, a member of an Australian gaming group set on replicating the Battle of Gettysburg later this year for its 160th anniversary using Black Powder Epic Battles: American Civil War figures… The model takes advantage of the characteristics of the existing route structures and can solve the service route design problems effectively from the practical perspective. The ship deployment problem concerning the number of ships and their capacity and sailing speeds is considered at the third stage. This greatly simplifies the route structure design decisions at the first stage and enables us to develop an efficient heuristic algorithm to reposition empty containers at the second stage. We introduce the notions of topological structure and ship load factors, which lead to a classification of shipping route structures and the relationships between the container flow pattern and the route structure. ![]() We propose a three-stage optimisation method to tackle the problem. The objective of this problem is to minimise the total cost incurred from a liner long-haul service route, including ship related costs, fuel consumption costs, port related costs, laden containers and empty container inventory-in-transition costs. Moreover, the heuristic-rules based method can also be applied to stochastic situations because its second stage is rule-based and dynamical.read more read lessĪbstract: This paper proposes a single liner long-haul service route design problem including route structure design, ship deployment and empty container repositioning. However, the heuristic-rules based method has advantages in its applicability to large-scale realistic systems while producing good performance, to which the shortest-path based method may be computationally inapplicable. The shortest-path based method is preferable for relatively small-scale problems as it yields slightly better solution than the heuristic-rules based method. The results show that two solution methods perform substantially better than the practical policy. The two solution methods are applied to two case studies with 30 different scenarios and compared with a practical policy. The second is a two-stage heuristic-rules based integer programming method, which combines an integer programming of the static system with a heuristic implementation algorithm in dynamic system. The first is a two-stage shortest-path based integer programming method, which combines a cargo routing algorithm with an integer programming of the dynamic system. Two solution methods are proposed to solve the optimization problem. The laden container routing from the original port to the destination port is limited with at most three service routes. The objective is to minimize the total relevant costs in the planning horizon including: container lifting on/off costs at ports, customer demand backlog costs, the demurrage (or waiting) costs at the transhipment ports for temporarily storing laden containers, the empty container inventory costs at ports, and the empty container transportation costs. ![]() Abstract: This paper considers the problem of joint cargo routing and empty container repositioning at the operational level for a shipping network with multiple service routes, multiple deployed vessels and multiple regular voyages. |
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